ESPA Deep Insights

Analyses stratégiques avancées

Gold, the strategic escape route for AES countries

Alioune Aboutalib LO

Gold, the strategic escape route for AES countries

Key points of the article Gold becomes a lever of sovereignty : initially mobilized to face sanctions and liquidity needs, it takes a central place in the economic strategy of AES countries. States re...

Nov 7, 2026

French companies in West Africa: the reputational risk is confirmed in the digital realm

French companies in telecommunications and audiovisual are facing a reputational risk in West Africa that has crossed a critical threshold. From Burkina Faso to Senegal, passing through Mali and Côte ...

Jul 3, 2026

Guinea: the ban on the export of raw gold, strategic implications

Guinea: the ban on the export of raw gold, strategic implications

Guinea now bans the export of raw gold and requires local refining before any export. Key points A regional trend, not an isolated case. West Africa is redefining the rules of the game for foreign inv...

Jun 23, 2026

Analytical Note - Restructuring of the Economic Landscape and New Game Rules for Private Investors

Summary Since 2022, the Burkinabe government has been systematically substituting the private sector with state-owned enterprises in markets with high administrative dependence. The decision of the Co...

Jun 3, 2026

Closure of USAID: what are the consequences and what strategic alternatives for Africa?

Closure of USAID: what are the consequences and what strategic alternatives for Africa?

Share In July 2025, a resounding break from multilateralism occurred: the U.S. Congress confirmed the death of USAID (United States Agency for International Development), an agency that accounted for ...

Afrique Afrique de l'Ouest Policy brief Relations Afrique-Etats-Unis aide au développement diplomatie économique

Jan 28, 2026

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